Yes, we hear the horror stories too. I saw a site yesterday where they show a VW camper van and say they blasted it with Chilled Iron Grit..... about a suitable as painting your car with a shovel.
The phosphate is a bit of a trade secret, we import it, it is an acid based material that carries zinc into the surface of the metal, it is not a paint, it is a metal treatment. You can weld through it because there is nothing solvent there. It is clear so nothing is hidden like paint primers, and it is an adhesion promoter too, just give the panels a quick scotchbright and dust wipe / blow off, and paint it. Use an etch primer if you want to but the very fine surface profile on the metal will act as a key as well.
One of our customers came in with his 152nd Porsche car we have cleaned for him, travelling over 200 miles each way each time, and brought 2 doors back for a quick refresher, which had been cleaned and phosphated by us 12 years ago and look almost as good as the day they were done.
Cost for a Beetle is around £900 + VAT, about £150 more if the underseal is still on. Shell needs to be all stripped, doors boot and bonnet off or finger tight.